Wednesday, January 2, 2008

Finger-thin undersea cables tie the world together

The lines that tie the globe together by carrying phone calls and Internet traffic are just two-thirds of an inch (1.68 centimeters) thick where they lie on the ocean floor.

The foundation for a connected world seems quite fragile, an impression reinforced this week when a break in two cables in the Mediterranean Sea disrupted communications across the Middle East and into India and neighboring countries. Yet the network itself is resilient. In fact, cables are broken all the time, usually by fishing lines and ship anchors. It takes a confluence of factors for a cable break to cause an outage. Most telecom companies have capacity at multiple systems, so if one goes out, they simply reroute to a different system,'' said Stephan Beckert, analyst at research firm TeleGeography in Washington. The two cables, FLAG Europe Asia and SEA-ME-WE 4 were cut on the ocean floor just north of Alexandria, Egypt. By an accident of geography and global politics, Egypt is a choke point in the global communications network, just as it is with global shipping. The reasons are the same: The country touches both the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, which flows into the India Ocean.
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