It’s different from the product and crude oil tankers because the liquid products transported require special handling and storage procedures. According to the degree of hazard the chemical substances are labeled with different grades.
The boundary between the product tanker and the chemical tanker is not easily defined. In general the IMO I and IMO II grade tankers are referred to as chemical tankers while the IMO III tankers sometime are referred to as product tankers, depending on who you ask. Many chemical tankers only have an IMO II grade.
There are three major types of cargoes carried by chemical tankers: Organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals and vegetable oils. The chemical commodities could be such as styrene, MTBE, molasses, methanol, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, caustic soda, lube oil, and benzene.
Chemicals are generally carried in parcel sizes of 2-6,000 tonnes. Because it is not economically efficient to ship one “parcel” at a time chemical tankers have numerous tanks each capable of carrying a particular chemical substance. The largest chemical tankers are equipped with up to 56 separate tanks.
The chemical fleet is usually segregated into three segments:
- the large parcel tankers (Deep Sea)
- the tramp fleet (Intermediate)
- the small tanker fleet (Short Sea)
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