Dry bulk carriers transport large volume cargoes in ship loads. Major dry bulk commodities consist of industrial raw materials including iron ore, coal, grain, bauxite and alumina. Minor bulks such as soya beans/meal, steel products, phosphate rocks and sulphur also accounts for a significant part of the dry bulk trade.
Dry bulk carriers are generally designed for simplicity and cheapness. However some of the small vessels are of higher technical designs in order to trade special cargoes such as cements and rocks. These vessels are somewhat similar to multipurpose vessels in both size and design.
The ownership of dry bulk tonnage is highly dispersed compared to the ownership of crude oil tankers, chemical tankers and containerships.
The dry cargo market is a large mixture of spot arrangements, time-charter agreements and industrial shipping.
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